[C++][Parquet] 11, cpplint cleanup, package target and header installation #42252

I'm planning to work on building out parquet-cpp with columnar data structures (see Arrow proposal) for materialized in-memory data and feature complete reader/writers so that native-code consumers like Python can finally read and write Parquet files at native speeds. It would be great to have all this officially a part of Apache Parquet.

This adds minimal support to be able to install the resulting libparquet.so and its various header files to support minimally viable development on downstream C++ and Python projects that will need to depend on this. It also builds in C++11 mode and passes Google's cpplint.

Reporter: Wes McKinney / @wesm
Assignee: Wes McKinney / @wesm

Related issues:

• Detach thirdparty code from build configuration. (is related to)

Externally tracked issue: apache/parquet-cpp#14

_{Note: This issue was originally created as PARQUET-416. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}